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How vulnerable is the UK to China contagion?

ended 09. October 2024

Chinese markets took a dive Wednesday, as investors sold off to lock in profits after recent rallies driven by hopes for significant economic stimulus. However, China has announced a fiscal policy briefing on Saturday, which could see further stimulus measures announced, which may pump up oil further — especially if Middle East tensions continue. How vulnerable are the UK economy and markets to developments unfolding in China — and, if oil prices rise further, could the UK consumer start to feel it over the winter months? Also, what problems does this pose for the MPC? Any thoughts, whizz them across ASAP as a national newspaper has asked for this news alert.

4 responses from the Newspage community

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With oil markets dancing on a knife edge as the Middle East conflict ignites prices, the butterfly effect is in full force as a whisper of stimulus in Beijing could trigger a tsunami of inflation in Britain. Despite China's stimulus package potentially being the largest since the pandemic, the market’s initial jubilance has dissipated, with the underlying economic reality coming back into focus. However, all eyes are now on a follow-up announcement by the Finance Minister, with additional measures potentially reigniting Chinese demand for oil, leading to significant inflationary pressures in the UK. A substantial increase in Chinese demand could exacerbate price pressures in the UK, forcing the BoE to maintain higher interest rates for longer. With the cost-of-living crisis still casting a long shadow, UK consumers find themselves unwitting participants in a global economic drama, where decisions made in Beijing could determine whether they can afford to heat their homes this winter.
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We have all seen the panic that oil supply issues causes in the homes, at the pumps and in the economy. With the costs of living crisis easing the last thing we need is for inflationary spikes in energy prices due to issues overseas. There is a very real risk of contagion from China and the Bank of England will know it.
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China's upcoming fiscal policy briefing could be a double-edged sword for the UK. While stimulus measures might boost global growth, they could also drive oil prices higher, particularly against the backdrop of Middle East tensions. This presents a significant inflation risk for the UK, just as fuel prices recently hit a 3-year low. The Bank of England's inflation projections of CPI peaking at no higher than 2.8% by year end hinges on oil staying below $83 per barrel and natural gas under £92 per therm. Any overshoot could derail their carefully calibrated forecasts, potentially forcing a more hawkish stance well into 2025. Markets are pricing in this uncertainty, pushing up gilt yields and borrowing costs. However, if energy risks subside, we could see an easing of credit conditions.
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On Saturday China will start to issue ultra-long term bonds to attempt to get them out of the domestic demand quagmire they have found themsleves in. This will not work. China culturally is founded upon a base of property speculation, which the CCP has now stamped out. The largest effect on the UK as a big importer from China could be that if the Yuan depreciates off the back of this large issuance, inflation could be heavily subdued. You can currently get 9.2 yuan to the pound which is roughly at its multi year high range. A further deterioration here could cheapen Chinese imports and create an enormous headache for the Bank of England. China's demography is heavily disinflationary, if not deflationary, and right now they look like Japan in 1989 before their Lost Decade kicked off when we look at worker age, debt and demand data points.